Which factor increases the risk of helminthic infections in children?

Close contact with pets is a significant factor that can increase the risk of helminthic infections in children. Many pets, particularly cats and dogs, can carry parasites such as hookworms, roundworms, and tapeworms that can be transmitted to humans. Children are often more likely to engage in close interactions with pets, such as petting, playing, or even coming into contact with animal feces. These activities can facilitate the transmission of parasites, especially in environments where hygiene practices are not stringently followed.

While factors like increased outdoor playtime might expose children to various environmental pathogens, the risk from pets specifically relates to direct transmission pathways that are particularly relevant to lower hygiene standards and pet care practices. Regular vaccinations and low protein intake are generally unrelated to the transmission dynamics of helminthic infections, as vaccinations protect against viral and bacterial diseases, while nutritional factors are more focused on overall health and immune function rather than direct pathways of infection.